Incandescent-lamp fixture.



.No. 875,634. PATENTBD DEC. 31, 1907.

J. STUBBBRS.

INOANDBSGBNT LAMP FIXTURE.

APPLIOA'HOI" mm: In 14. me.

Sum/Mom anmomc aj,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH SIUBBERS, OF COVINGTON, KENTUCKY, ASSlGNUlt 'lO 'llll') INCANDESGEN'I LIGHT dz STOVE COMPANY, Of" CINCINNATI, Olllt), A UOltlOlt/t'llON.

INOANDESCENT-LAMP FIXTURE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 31, 1907.

Application filed May 14, 1906. Serial No. 816.860.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, Jossrn S'runm-zas, a citizen of the United States, rcsidin at Covington, in the county of Kenton and State of Kentucky, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Incandescent-lnun Fixtures, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in the construction the handling and use of incandescent mantles, and particularly the method of forming the mantles in combination with the burner tips and flames of a hydro-carbon lightin system generating and an plying the com ustible vapor under con- Sltiiilflblfi measure.

It is well known that in present practice a tubular carrier fabric is impregnated with the chemicals forming the incandescent structure, the carrier is burned away, the residuum incandescent mantle is formed in a blow pipe flame in the factory and when so formed is covered with paraffin to give the mantle sufficient rigidit to be shipped and to be applied to the writer ti s in connection with which it is to be user Notwithstanding this, the paraffin carrier is so fragile that the breakage in forming, shipping and applying to the burners is very considerable. 'lhe loss due to the breakage of the mantles after the fabric carrier is burned away and before the )araflin carrier is ap )licd, is also very consulerable. 'lhe parafhn carrier mantles have to be carcfullv )ackcd with cotton in tubular PtIHtO-lNHlIt )UXOH, the expense of which is considerable. 'lhcsc disadvantages are effectually overcome by my invention. I also form the mantle directly in the flame of the burner tip of the lighting system in which the mantle is to be permanently used. By so doing the mantle is shaped substantially to fit the outline of the flame of its burner and thus lies )crfectlv within that. heating zone of the llamc which is of the highest cflicienc I have found rom repeated tests that ith my system of lighting a gallon of gasolcne lasts much longer than with a similar illuminatin system employing the ordinary mantles s ll wed in paraffin carriers, aml the light is reat ly increased in brilliancy.

he use of an inverted or downwardly proecting burner tip in connection with a lighting system in which the gas is generated and supplied under sufficient pressure to inflate, 66 or partially so, the residuum mantle, the mantle is sttapcd to the outline of the flame by the internal )ressure of the gas.

I am aware t liat inverted burner tips and mantles have been n'eviously used, but it has always been witii the ordinary paraffin carrier mantles which have been previously given their permanent shapes in the factory.

My method of suspending the mantle carrim and fabric from the burner tip, I believe 66 to be also new. and it has attendant advanta es which will be later explained.

'ihese and other features of my invention will he more fully set forth in the description of the accompanying drawings, forming a 70 part of this specification, in which Figure 1 is an elevation, partly in section, showing a t 'pe of reiterating apparatus with burners and mant es. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the flat or collapsed mantle carrying fabric. Fig. 3 is a section through the burner tips, shown in Fig. 1.

1 represents a gasolene vapor generating system of the type shown in my I atent N 0. 683,232, granted September 24, 1901, for im provement in carburetcr.

2 re resents the service pipe from which depent s the burner pipe 3, in which is a controlling valve, not shown, but lying within the fitting 4.

5 represents the supports for supporting the inverted burner tips 7.

6 represent the incandescent mantles which have been shaped and hardened in the flames of the particular burner tips in con auction with which the mantles are used.

l have shown two burners as a desirable form.

'lhe burner tips 7 are screw threaded into the support 5 on the end of the burner iipc 9b 3. are provided at t hoir The burner tips 4 lower ends with the peripheral flanges t), which constitute the mantlesupports.

it), see Fi 2, re ircscnts the flat or collapsed mantle carrying fabric, the lower end 11 is substantially closed and the top end 12 is slightly constricted relative to the diameter of the carrier by means of a draw strin r 13. This mantle carrying fabric consists o" lapsed. The

a suitable net work impregnated with the chemicals which form the incandescent inantle, chiefly nitrate of thorium. These baglike mantle carrying fabrics are knit or woven and impregnated with the suitable chemicals in the factory and when dry, are shipped to the consumer in this flat or collapsed condition shown in Fig. 2, in which condition they can be shipped compactly, handled with impunity and ap lied to the burner ti s with perfect ease an safety.

In app i 'ng the carrier to the burner tip the constricted end 12 is sli ped loosely over one of the flanges 9 of the uurner ti there being a just suliiciently tight enougi fit to allow the mantle carrying fabric to remain sus ended. The carrier fabric which is genera 1 cotton, is then burned away, leaving the resi uum incandescent mantle somewhat shrunken in size and still somewhat colas is then turned on and ignited and as the pressure is considerable, the mantle inflates somewhat and assumes the oblong oval contour, shown in Fig. 1.

The shapin and hardening action is ef fected under t e joint influence of the internal pressure of the as and heat of the flame. The mantle consi erably contracts durin this recess and fits itself to the outline o the ame, the constricted end of the mantle contracting further so as to securely fit over the end of the flange of the burner tip from which it is suspended.

It will be seen that I thus shape and harden the individual mantle to the individual burner tip flame of the lighting system with which the mantle is to be regularly used in illuminating.

The flange 9 which forms the support on the burner tip for the mantle has a rounded upper surface or seat portion 14. The neck 0 the mantle contracted around this seat portion is' prevented from droppin oil and yet fits rather loosely or adjustab to its seat. As the mantle depends vertica ly from this seat, gravity tends to hold it straight, and it will automatically right itself into roper alinement with the burner tip under t io jars and vibrations to which the burner tube is constant] subjected. This greatly increases the life 0 the mantle for the reason that the vibrations do not break the edges of the mantle at the point of sup ort, or throw the mantle out of alinement with the burner tip so that the flame im )in es more at one point than at another. it a so greatly increases the elliciency of the light, as the mantle is always held properly in the ileum. The fact that the neck of the mantle is su iported nonrigidl and adjustably directly from the mout of the burner tip is thus seen to be of great practical importance.

The support lies entirely within the inner periphery of the upper end of the mantle,

and there are no external bindin s or supporting elements and no rigid points of altachment.

This system of lighting has the further advantage that none of the supporting structure hes under the burner and the light is therefore shadowless. Again, the escaping roducts of combustion rise up around the inverted burner tip and materially superheat the gas or air and va )or mixture at a point just prior to its com ustion, which is of considerable ractical value in the elliciency of the lig t.

This invention is highly advantageous in connection with a h dro-carbon va ior generatin s stem of i1 uniination. The reason for this is that in a hydro-carbon illuminating system the mixture of vapor and air is not only heavier than air but it is delivered to the burner tip under considerable )ressure, so that it expands the web work ol rare earths constituting the mantle after the carrier labric has been burned away.

The invention can however be used in connection with ordinary illuminating systems wherever the pressure is sullicient to insure the results above ex )lained. Each time the gas is extinguished i510 mantle contracts and warps or draws up to irregular shapes, while when the gas is turned on and ignited the mantle automatically fills out and shapes itself to the cone of the flame. Thus it is evident that the support for the mantle must permit of this constant variation.

Having described my invention, I claim 1. In combination with an illuminating system, an inverted burner tip a mantle carrying fabric im regnated with rare earths, and means for loose] suspending the said mantle directly from t is burner tip, substantially as described.

2. In combination with an illuminatim system, an inverted burner tip, a web won of rare earths shaped to the outline of tho flame and loosely suspended directl from the mouth of the burner tip, substantially as described.

3. in combination with an illuminating system, an inverted burner tip, a. conical tango formed on the tip, a mantle carrying fabric impregnated with rare earths and having its upper end drawn in above and around the llan e whereby the. said mantle is loosely suspeni ed from the burner tip, substantially as escribed.

4. in combination with an illuminating s stem an inverted burner tip, a i'oiiieal i an e l ormed on said tip, a web work of rare cart is shaped to the outline of the llame,

.having its upper end constricted around said llangc, where) the mantle remains adjustably suspendeii froiu the mouth of the burner tip, substantially as described.

5. In combination with an illuminating ill) liltl lll system, an inverted burner tip, a flame In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set around the burner ti a. mantle carrying fe hmy hand.

ric impregnated wit rare earths having its JOSFPH STUBBERS upper end constricted around and loose] fitting the flanige whereby the mantle is di- Witnesses:

reotly suspen ed from the mouth of the OLIVER B. KAISER,

burner tip, substantially as described. LUXSE BECK. 

